Sports bodies should impose strong penalties for deliberate match fixing while preserving individual due process and appeal rights.

Universities should strengthen players’ financial support and education so illicit payments become less attractive to financially vulnerable athletes.

Betting companies should fund independent monitoring of suspicious wagers and share actionable information quickly with investigators.

Regulators should restrict certain college betting markets where manipulation is easy and detection is difficult.

Athletes who promptly report approaches and cooperate with investigations should receive meaningful protection against retaliation and disproportionate punishment.

Reform should focus on the networks organising bribery, not treat every student-athlete facing financial pressure as inherently suspect.