Nikos Kazantzakis, one of Greece’s most influential 20th-century writers, explored profound existential and spiritual conflicts in his work. Influenced by philosophers like Friedrich Nietzsche and Henri Bergson, his writing often challenged traditional views on faith, freedom, and human nature. His novel The Last Temptation of Christ sparked controversy for its humanized portrayal of Jesus and was criticized by the Greek Orthodox Church. This raises an enduring question about the role of art: should it challenge deeply held beliefs, or respect established boundaries?